This article analyzes the impact of international cooperation in the insurance field on the economy of Kazakhstan, especially in the context of its participation in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Based on a systematic review of literature and data, including official documents and statistical reports, the effects of these agreements on the insurance market in Kazakhstan are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the impact on the competitiveness of domestic insurers and expanding access to new markets and technologies. The article also presents both quantitative and qualitative data reflecting the impact of international experience and cooperation on the efficiency of the domestic insurance market. Quantitative indicators cover the financial stability of insurance companies, including the volume of net profit, assets, equity capital, the dynamics of concluded insurance contracts, as well as the growth of insurance premiums and payments. Qualitative data includes analysis of mechanisms of technology transfer, innovation and risk management based on international experience and best practices. Additionally, the article discusses the results of research on the implementation of international standards, their impact on service delivery standards and business process management in the insurance sector. Based on an analysis of successful international practices and cooperation with leading global insurance companies such as Swiss Re, Munich Re and Allianz, the importance of exchanging experience and best practices to stimulate innovation and improve the quality of services within the country is highlighted. This data is complemented by analytical conclusions about the current state and prospects for the development of the insurance market of Kazakhstan in the context of world trends and standards.

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of marketing strategies in achieving competitive advantage for banks in Kazakhstan. To achieve this goal, definitions of “banking marketing” and “competitive advantage” were given based on the work of Kazakhstani and foreign researchers, and the marketing strategies of Kazakhstani banks were analyzed (JSC Halyk Bank, JSC Kaspi Bank, JSC Forte Bank) . The study of marketing strategies helped determine the selected banks' competitive advantages. The main key aspects of Banwo marketing were: the Contribution of Second-Tier Banks to the Economic Development of the Country; the Main Elements of Bank Marketing; customer Retention Strategies and the Impact of Marketing on Customer Loyalty. The paper considered the prospects for further development of banking marketing in Kazakhstan. The article describes the challenges associated with the intangible nature of banking products and compares marketing strategies. A segmentation of bank clients by age and financial goals was conducted, identifying the most suitable products for each group. The main banking products and services were identified that are most suitable for each of the identified groups of clients. The work is aimed at identifying the uniqueness of the marketing tactics of Kazakhstani banks, studying the construction of long-term relationships with customers, and the methods banks use to promote their products, even though the banking product is intangible. Future research may focus on marketing campaigns aimed at promoting sustainable financial products and services.

Gender discrimination in the labor market remains one of the most significant challenges hindering socio-economic development. In Kazakhstan, despite positive changes in women's rights and their increasing participation in economic activities, a substantial gender pay gap and limited access to leadership positions persist. This study aims to identify the conditions and directions for overcoming gender discrimination in the labor market in Kazakhstan, as well as to develop recommendations for reducing the gender pay gap and improving the position of women in the labor market. The research utilized statistical data from the Bureau of National Statistics of Kazakhstan and international sources, such as the World Bank Gender Data Portal and the UN Gender Statistics Database. The findings indicate that despite significant progress in expanding women's rights and their economic involvement, the gender pay gap and lack of access to leadership positions remain considerable. In 2022, the gender pay gap in Kazakhstan stood at 25.2%, highlighting the need for more active implementation of gender policies and programs supporting women in the professional sphere. To reduce gender inequality in the labor market, Kazakhstan must develop comprehensive measures, including the introduction of quotas for leadership positions, legislative initiatives to eliminate the pay gap, and the promotion of flexible working conditions. Future research could focus on a more in-depth analysis of factors affecting gender inequality in various sectors of Kazakhstan's economy, taking into account regional and sectoral specifics.

School education forms the foundation for developing human capital, a critical economic growth and innovation driver. This study aims to analyze the impact of war and other crises on the Ukrainian education system and explore strategies for overcoming challenges in the post-war context. The research employs a systematic review of scientific literature and statistical analysis of educational funding and enrollment data. Primary data sources include World Bank statistics, and Ukraine's Ministry of Education reports for 2014-2022. The results show a sharp decline in school enrollment, particularly in frontline and rural areas, where infrastructure has been damaged and access to education is limited. The number of teachers has also decreased due to displacement, while many schools face inadequate funding and technological resources. Despite increased public spending on education (6% of GDP in 2022), challenges in providing digital tools and internet access persist, particularly for remote learning. The psychological impact of war on students and teachers further complicates the situation, with many requiring mental health support. The study concludes that addressing funding gaps, improving access to digital tools, and providing psychological support are essential for the education system’s recovery. Future research should focus on implementing reforms to enhance digital literacy, develop inclusive education strategies, and ensure equal access to education in a post-war setting. Expanding distance learning infrastructure and rebuilding educational institutions will be key priorities.

Modern companies operate in an environment of heightened uncertainty and rapid change, requiring them to adapt flexibly to shifting external conditions. The constantly expanding scope of logistics increases the number of processes and risk situations that may arise in a company's logistics operations. This article examines the key issues and methods of risk management in supply chains, emphasizing the importance of risk minimization to ensure the safety and stability of the supply chain. The study aims to conduct a theoretical and methodological analysis of risk management processes in industrial enterprises' logistics operations. To achieve this goal, methods of system analysis, risk classification, and risk assessment were used, with a focus on multi-level protection of the supply chain. The study examines the vulnerabilities in supply chain management systems and the impact of various factors on the safety and efficiency of logistics processes. The main results demonstrate that effective risk management in logistics can minimize supply chain disruptions, reduce financial losses, and mitigate negative impacts on customers. The study proposes key directions for improving risk management, including the use of innovations and the enhancement of the legal framework. The findings also highlight the need for further research into the evaluation of new risks emerging with the digitalization of logistics systems. Future research may focus on developing more comprehensive risk analysis methods and exploring their relationship with digital technologies in logistics.